Glaucoma
Glaucoma, popularly known as “Eye Pressure” or “Blackwater Disease”, is the damage to the optic nerve due to the frequent increase in intraocular pressure. As a result, the visual field of the person gradually narrows. Glaucoma, an insidious disease that makes itself noticeable in the last stages of the disease, can cause irreparable serious damage to the optic nerve when diagnosed late.
The risk of developing glaucoma is higher in people with higher than normal intraocular pressure, but this does not mean that everyone with high intraocular pressure has glaucoma. Glaucoma may be related to genetics. People with a family history of glaucoma have a higher risk of developing it. In other words, one or more genes may be defective, making them more susceptible to the disease.
It is possible to list the symptoms of glaucoma as follows;
- Headaches that are more pronounced in the morning
- Occasional blurred vision
- Seeing luminous rings around lights at night
- Pain around the eyes when watching television
According to the types of eye pressure;
- Open angle glaucoma
- Narrow angle glaucoma
It is divided into two.
Glaucoma Treatment
Glaucoma can be diagnosed with a detailed eye examination. To make a diagnosis;
- Intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement
- Corneal thickness (Pachymetric) measurement
- Computerized visual field measurement
- Optic nerve head and fiber measurement (methods such as ScanningLaser Ophthalmoscopy can be used.
Glaucoma
Although it is a very common disease among the public, the only way to prevent vision loss is early diagnosis. . Unless there is significant damage to the visual field due to glaucoma, the patient does not realize these losses. For this reason, it is important to have regular eye examinations and tests performed annually.
There are 3 different types of treatment for glaucoma;
1.Medication Therapy
First, the patient’s eye pressure is lowered either by reducing the production of fluid in the eye or by increasing its outflow. There are medications used for these two methods. These medications are taken at regular intervals every day and are used for life. If the patient’s eye pressure does not decrease despite medication and the visual field narrows, the treatment method to be applied is usually surgery.
2.Surgical Treatment
During surgery, a hole is made in the white part of the eye. Through this hole, which is too small to be visible from the outside, excess fluid is drained from the eye. After the operation, glaucoma usually disappears. This is not possible in all patients.
3.Laser Treatment
In the treatment of glaucoma, the laser beam is primarily used to treat an acute glaucoma crisis and to prevent the other eye from going into a glaucoma crisis.
Secondly, in chronic glaucoma cases, the laser is applied to the outflow channels like a strainer to facilitate the outflow of the fluid made in the eye. Another use of laser in the treatment of glaucoma is the application of laser to the white area around the colored part of the outer part of the eye. The aim is to reduce the production of eye water by destroying the area on the inner side of this part that secretes eye water.
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KEYWORDS: Gloucoma, high eye prressure, intraocular pressure, glaucoma surgery
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